TradeCalculator.co.uk
Part M Ramp Gradient Requirements
Maximum ramp gradients by going length, landing requirements, handrail heights, and surface finish specifications, referencing Approved Document M: Access to and Use of Buildings (2015 edition incorporating 2016 amendments) and BS 8300-1:2018.
Maximum Ramp Gradients (AD-M Diagram 1 / BS 8300-1 Table 2)
| Going (Flight Length) | Max. Gradient | Max. Rise per Flight | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Up to 2 m | 1:12 | 166 mm | Steepest permitted — short ramps only |
| Up to 5 m | 1:15 | 333 mm | Moderate length ramps |
| Up to 10 m | 1:20 | 500 mm | Preferred gradient for all ramps |
| Over 10 m | 1:20 max (with landings every 10 m) | 500 mm per flight | Intermediate landings required |
Landing Requirements
| Parameter | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Top landing length | ≥ 1,200 mm (1,500 mm preferred) |
| Bottom landing length | ≥ 1,200 mm (1,500 mm preferred) |
| Intermediate landing | ≥ 1,500 mm long, full ramp width |
| Turning space (change of direction) | 1,500 mm x 1,500 mm unobstructed |
| Cross-fall on landing | ≤ 1:40 (for drainage) |
Handrail Requirements
| Parameter | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Upper handrail height | 900-1,000 mm above ramp surface |
| Lower handrail height | 600 mm above ramp surface |
| Handrail diameter | 40-50 mm (circular) or equivalent oval profile |
| Extension beyond ramp | 300 mm at top and bottom |
| Visual contrast | Handrail must contrast with background |
| Required when | Rise exceeds 300 mm |
Edge Protection and Surface Finish
| Feature | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Raised kerb | ≥ 100 mm high on open edges |
| Surface finish | Slip-resistant in wet and dry conditions |
| Tactile warning | Corduroy hazard warning at top and bottom (non-domestic) |
| Cross-fall on ramp | No separate AD M figure for the flight; landings max 1:40 |
Scotland & Northern Ireland
Scotland follows Technical Handbook Section 4.3 (Stairs and ramps) with broadly similar gradient limits but some differences in landing size and handrail details. Northern Ireland follows Technical Booklet R. BS 8300-1:2018 is referenced across all UK jurisdictions as the supporting standard for access design.
Related Calculators
Use the Wheelchair Ramp Calculator for ramp design, or the Part M Door Widths reference for accessible door requirements. See also the Ramp Calculator.
Always check the latest edition of Approved Documents on the Planning Portal (planningportal.co.uk) as regulations are updated periodically.
Next up: related pages
Frequently Asked Questions
The maximum gradient depends on the going (length of the ramp flight). For goings up to 2 m, the maximum gradient is 1:12. For goings up to 5 m, the maximum is 1:15. For goings up to 10 m, the maximum is 1:20. The preferred gradient for all ramps is 1:20 or shallower. These requirements are set out in AD-M Diagram 1 and BS 8300-1:2018 Table 2.
A level landing is required at the top and bottom of every ramp. Intermediate landings are required where the going of a single flight exceeds the maximum for the gradient used (e.g. every 10 m at 1:20, every 5 m at 1:15). Landings must be at least 1,200 mm long (1,500 mm preferred) and the full width of the ramp. A 1,500 mm x 1,500 mm turning space is needed where direction changes occur.
The minimum width between handrails is 1,500 mm for ramps used by the general public and in non-domestic buildings. For dwellings, a minimum width of 900 mm is acceptable. Where ramps are used by wheelchair users and pedestrians together, 1,800 mm width is preferred to allow passing. These are from AD-M and BS 8300-1.
Yes. Ramps with a rise greater than 300 mm require handrails on both sides at 900-1,000 mm height, with a second lower rail at 600 mm (for wheelchair users and children). Handrails must extend 300 mm beyond the top and bottom of the ramp, have a profile that can be gripped (40-50 mm diameter circular or oval), and contrast visually with the background.
Was this calculator helpful?
Last updated: April 2026
Verified against UK standards · estimates only, confirm with your supplier.